Tooth loss, dementia linked
January 2nd 2011 05:19
Seniors showing early signs of dementia are more likely to lose their teeth, and this in turn may even speed the decline in memory function, according to new research published in BioMed Central’s open access journal Behavioral and Brain Functions.
Researchers at the Nara Medical University and surrounding hospitals in the Nara region of Japan examined the teeth of more than 4,000 volunteers aged 65 and older.
The number of natural teeth remaining in the gums was counted by a qualified dentist, and participants also underwent a psychiatric assessment to determine the level of mild memory impairment.
Taking into account other factors that may affect the health of the teeth, it was discovered that those with less teeth, or even no teeth, were significantly more likely to have some form of memory loss, or even early stage Alzheimer’s disease.
When asked questions about their use of health-care services, participants with memory loss symptoms were found to visit the dentist rarely, if at all, which is one possible explanation for the study’s findings. However, principal investigator Dr. Nozomi Okamoto revealed that there may be other links to tooth loss and a decline in cognition.
“Infections in the gums that can lead to tooth loss may release inflammatory substances, which in turn will enhance the brain inflammation that cause neuronal death and hasten memory loss,” she says. “The loss of sensory receptors around the teeth is linked to some of the dying neurons.”
This may even be a vicious cycle situation. If these brain connections are lost, the teeth will fall out and a fewer number of teeth contributing to cognitive decline.
Though the explanations for the research findings have been corroborated in animal models, further experimental evidence needs to be obtained to confirm this in humans.
Nevertheless, the findings offer a reminder as to why it is so important to brush your teeth and maintain good oral health.
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