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MS Paint Art - May 2010


sex and city





From: Culture Map Houston

By Caroline Gallay

I was a bit apprehensive as I filed in to see Sex and the City 2, having read that the film was getting some scathing reviews. (Although from what I can tell, most critics took issue with the stars' age. How dare they flaunt their crow's feet!)


If you haven't seen the film, you might not want to read on. But you should take it from an avid fan of the series that it was precisely what I had hoped — incredible couture, totally indulgent reminiscence, and unending one-liners.

When, within the first 15 minutes, Liza Minnelli performed "Single Ladies" in her throaty Broadway voice (pant-less, I might add) at Stanford and Anthony's big, gay, swan-filled wedding, I leaned in to my friend and told her the ticket price had been made worth it.

Add some more mature plot lines — Samantha dealing with menopause with hefty doses of yam; Charlotte being threatened by her children's bra-repellant nanny; Big becoming a couch-ridden, remote control-wielding old man; and Miranda suddenly being the most fun we've ever seen her — plus oneliner's like Samantha's "Lawrence of my labia," and you have a perfect puff picture.

The top five moments:

- Charlotte drunkenly confessing to Miranda that she was more troubled by the thought of having to fire the Nanny than divorcing her husband if the two had an affair.

- Samantha dropping her stash of condoms in old Abu Dhabi.


- Carrie making her custom's declaration: "I'm a mess."

- Liza Minnelli's Single Ladies dance.

- The burka-clad women of Abu Dhabi revealing the couture they wore underneath as they helped Samantha escape arrest.

One woman said as we left the theater that it was satisfying in the way a trashy romance novel is. Sigh, If only it were poolside portable.








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marijuana teenagers brain risk









From: Greatfallstribune.com



An Allstate Insurance advertisement suggests that teenagers are missing part of their brain.



And while any parent can probably say that is true, Great Falls neurological surgeon Paul Gorsuch said there is scientific evidence that shows that your brain is not fully developed until you are in your early 20s, usually around age 23.

"While the overall size of the brain does not change much during adolescence, relative amounts of different components, nerve connections, nerve growth, and brain chemical transmitters are all maturing," Gorsuch said.

The frontal cortex of the brain is where all these changes are happening. It's the last brain region to fully develop. This scientific evidence explains a lot about teenager's behaviors, because the frontal cortex is responsible for executive functions including logic, decision making, abstract reasoning, evaluating options, weighing probabilities and determining risks.

If you change the development of your frontal lobes, it is likely those abilities you have will be diminished from what you might have been, but much has gone unproven, explained Gorsuch.

When a person smokes marijuana, the chemical binds to special cannabanoid receptors, many of which are in the frontal cortex of the brain.

When the drug locks to the receptor, it creates a series of complex reactions.

"Any chemical that has an effect on our brain — sugar, narcotics, nicotine, the cannabinoids in marijuana, adrenaline — create that effect by binding or docking to a receptor," Gorsuch said. "In the case of narcotics, one of the ultimate results is that we may 'feel' less pain."

Cannabanoid receptors are present in the body at only 14 days gestation, which means they are crucial for telling nerves where to go, what to make, what to do and what to connect to, Gorsuch said.

"Basic science says that these are important in how the brain develops," he said.

Here is where the debate begins.

Scientists do not understand the role of cannabanoid receptors in the development of the frontal cortex connections.



"So what happens when you start stimulating those cannabanoids (with marijuana) more than usual? In terms of what it is doing at a molecular level, we don't know," Gorsuch said.



Gorsuch said scientists do not fully understand how the process is occurring, but "there are likely 'critical windows' of development when artificially stimulating potent chemical receptors in the brain may result in permanent brain changes."

"It's a big black box," he added.

Many studies have been done, but the evidence is still not scientific.

"All the evidence is showing a trend, but we don't know for sure," Gorsuch said. "You can say that there is evidence to not do it."

Dr. John Stowers, who is an emergency room doctor in Great Falls, also prescribes medical marijuana to those patients he thinks the benefits outweigh the risks. For teens, he said, it would be rare for it to be worth the risks.

"Chronic, habitual use at a young age delays maturity both mentally and socially," Stowers said.

Since the early 1990s, functional MRIs have also clued scientists in to what happens to a brain on marijuana. One study compared two different adolescent groups — one group did not use marijuana and the other group were chronic marijuana users who stopped for one month prior to testing.

"While the marijuana group could complete the tasks assigned, their overall thinking abilities were worse and the functional MRI showed that they had to use more of the parietal and frontal lobes of their brains to accomplish the same task the non-users did with less of their brain," Gorsuch said.

"Or, as the author of the study put it, speaking of the marijuana users, 'Their brain is working harder that is should,'" Gorsuch added.

Gorsuch also believes that addiction is "an adolescent risk."

He said teens are probably much more venerable of becoming addicted than someone who makes it into their 20s or 30s without becoming addicted to a substance.

"It's a much bigger risk," he said.

Some will argue that only those who are prone to addiction will become addicted.



"It's a simplistic view to say that," he said.



It comes back to nature versus nurture, and Gorsuch said it's more complicated than just one or the other. It's a mixture of probabilities.

What is known for sure is that for those genetically predisposed to schizophrenia run a much higher risk of developing the disease if they smoke marijuana as an adolescent.

"One study has said that you are more than six times more likely if you smoke it more than 50 times," Gorsuch said.

Other studies suggest that the risk is there even if it doesn't run in your family.

"Literature suggests there could be a potential factor on its own," Stowers said.

But the nature of the association between long-term marijuana users and an increase in psychotic illnesses has yet to be proven, Gorsuch added.

Stowers said he is careful not to prescribe medical marijuana for anyone with a major psychiatric history.

He said the mental health community in general do not like using marijuana as a medicine, because "the benefits don't outweigh the risks."








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brain passionate love
Signature tune




Patterns of brain response in the early-stage of intense passionate love are universal, a new study has found.

Previous research found that Easterners (those from collectivistic cultures such as China) seem to have different notions of love as compared to Westerners (those from individualist cultures such as the United States).

But since these studies were conducted with self-report questionnaires, researchers wanted to find if these cultural differences exist due to actual differences in the experience of love.

Researchers have now used neuroimagining via functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) to find an answer to the question.

The study team comprised Xiaomeng Xu, Doctoral Candidate in Psychology and Arthur Aron, Professor of Psychology, both at Stony Brook University, Lucy Brown at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Guikang Cao and Tingyong Feng of Southwest University, China and Xuchu Weng of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.

The researchers looked at the brain patterns of 18 Chinese college students who had just fallen madly in love and were in the early stages of a romantic relationship.

The students were placed in the scanner at the Beijing MRI Center for Brain Research and looked at alternating pictures of their romantic partner and an acquaintance they had no special feelings for (who was the same sex as their partner).

The results of this study done in China were compared to results from a previous study done with American Stony Brook University students to see if there were cultural differences in brain activations for early-stage intense passionate love.

Unlike past research based on questionnaires showing cultural differences, this study found that the patterns of brain response were extremely similar for Chinese and Americans.

For people intensely in love in both cultures, viewing images of the beloved elicited brain activations in the midbrain dopamine-rich reward/motivation system (a system closely related to drug addiction) including the Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA) and caudate.

The researchers also followed up on the Chinese participants 18 months after they had been in the scanner to investigate whether brain activations during the "madly in love" stage of the relationship predicted relationship satisfaction as the relationship developed over time.

Activations in specific brain areas known to be associated with reward/pleasant feelings ( in the subgenual and superior frontal gyrus) substantially predicted greater relationships satisfaction18 months later.

This is the first neuroimaging study of love to examine follow-up data.

The study has appeared in Human Brain Mapping. (ANI)




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